فریبرز درتاج

Purpose: The aim of this research was comparison the development of ownership concept in preschool and elementary school children. Methodology: Present study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation was causal comparative. Research statistical population was all male and female children of preschool and elementary school of Pakdasht township in 2017-18 academic years. The research sample was 100 people (25 people in each grade) who were selected by random cluster sampling method. To collect data used from individually structured interview (31 questions) that the face and content validity of interview questions was confirmed by the educational sciences and psychology experts and its reliability was reported desirable by method of examiners. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance method in SPSS software version 19. Findings: The findings showed that there was a significant difference between the overall scores of the groups in the objective questions (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between them in the descriptive questions (P>0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that preschool and first year elementary school children in compared to third and fifth year elementary school children do not have a good understanding and these children, unlike third and fifth year elementary school children, consider the first person who associates with the object as its owner.

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the training of self-encouragement based on Adler's theory of psychological capital and academic engagement of female high school students. This study was a semi-experimental research and used a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The sample consisted of 60 students (30 participants for experimental group and 30 participants control group) who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. The experimental group was then educated for self-encouragement for 8 sessions while the control group did not receive any training. The instrument used in this study was Schaufeli & Bakker's (2006) Academic Engagement Questionnaire and Luthan's (2007) Psychosocial Capital Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze data and Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to investigate the research hypotheses. By analyzing the data, results indicated that self-encouragement training increased the academic engagement and psychological capital of female students. Regarding the effectiveness of this training on increasing the academic engagement and psychological capital, this training is evaluated useful for students.

The current study aimed to propose a model for academic emotions based on the quality of parent-child relationships by the mediation of the psychological capital. It was conducted as a descriptive-correlation study and the data were analyzed using the structural equation modeling. The statistical population consisted of all the 10th-grade female students in the 5th district of Tehran during 2016-17 with a population of about 4,000 students, of which Four hundred of them were randomly selected using multi-stage cluster sampling. Fine, J. Morland and Schubel Parent-Child Relationship Scale (PCRS) (1983), Lutans and Avilo Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ) (2007), and Pekrun, Goetz, and Frenzel Academic Emotion Questionnaire (AEQ) (2005) were used to collect data. The data were analyzed using SPSS and LISREL (p<0.05). The results showed that academic emotions were directly affected by the quality of father-child and mother-child relationships and the psychological capital. Moreover, the quality of parent-child relationships indirectly affected academic emotions by the mediation of the psychological capital. The findings of this study can be applied to increase students' positive emotions and decrease their negative emotions by improving the quality of parent-child relationships and the psychological capital variables (i.e., self-efficacy, hope, resilience, and optimism).

The aim of the current research is to explore a strategist developing model based on a mixed method for National Iranian Oil Company. This study is an exploratory and applied research, and it methodologically uses mixed methods. In the qualitative part, which is based on a data theory approach, the required data were gathered by means of semi-structured interviews. The participants involved in the study were 24 industrial and academic experts. After collecting the data, they were encoded, and necessary measurements were then taken to determine dimensions, main categories, subcategories, and relevant concepts related to our coding system. Having gained a coded table which was pivot and selective, finally, the goodness of the fit of the paradigmatic research model was developed (n=320). Quantitative analyses were performed by means of SPSS 24 and Lisrel 9.30 software. The qualitative findings of this study included 11 main categories, 24 subcategories, and 98 concepts. The concepts which were related to development strategists included causative factors (individual factors, organizational factors, and discourses); the category of central strategic thinking (conceptual and organizational thinking, foresight, and philosophical attitudes); obstructive factors (both inter organizational and intra organizational factors); contextual factors (cultural context, psychological factors, and organizational independence); strategies to identify the talents, to attract them, and to retain them; the outcomes of the establishment of monitoring system; strategic thinking; and the process of developing experts in our oil company. Our findings resulted in discovering a pattern to develop experts in oil industry.  

Purpose: The aim of present study is investigation the role of family functioning and generation gap in the relationship between parental controls style and addiction to social networks. Methodology: The present study is a descriptive one. Theoretical bases of the study were collected by reputable sites, books and related articles. The information and data for hypothesis testing were gathered by standard and a researcher-made questionnaire. Statistical society was all of male and female student of the second year of high schools in district 5 of Tehran (140 persons). After data collection, data analysis was performed using SPSS and PLS. In this study, Validity and reliability of the questionnaire was approved. Validity of the questionnaire was accepted by expert opinion of university and reliability of that was calculated by Cronbach's alpha and the value of that was 0.82. Findings: Results showed that family functioning and generation gap have significant roles in the relationship between parental controls style and addiction to social networks. Discussion: Therefore, it can be concluded that by improving family functioning and reducing the generation gap, better control of addiction to social networks can be created.

Wisdom is one of the highest virtues and in a wide range of social activities, ultimately improves oneself and society. It is inherently involved in ethical behavior and the pursuit of social justice and equity for all. Moral intelligence is also one of the moral constructs that lead humans to perform great valuable actions. The purpose of this study was to explain wisdom based on the moral intelligence. For this purpose, a sample of 350 adults (220 females and 130 males) in the age range of 20 to 72 was selected by multistage cluster sampling method from different districts and communities. They answered the wisdom questionnaire of San Diego and the moral intelligence of Lennik and Kiel. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results of the analysis demonstrated that the model fits best for this purpose as the effect of moral intelligence and its dimensions on wisdom was confirmed. Based on the results of this study, it is suggested that social and educational settings and environments, in addition to conventional intelligence, can benefit from moral intelligence where wise people with high wisdom can contribute effectively to a better community development.