مصطفی نادری

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between "Tehran Teachers' Attitude toward Environmental Education" and their "Readiness for Environmental Education to Students." This descriptive-sectional study was implemented on 127 primary school teachers in Tehran who were selected by stratified sampling and appropriate allocation and randomly selected in each class. Thus, among the primary schools of education, ten schools were selected and in each school, the samples randomly assigned among teachers of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth grades. To determine the attitude and readiness level, the quantitative score of the questions was used and the score was categorized into three groups of good, moderate and weak based on the 100% possible score. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to determine the correlation of the parameters. The results show that 19.68% of teachers have a good attitude level and other teachers have a moderate to low level of attitude and 13.31% of good preparation and other teachers have a moderate to low level of environmental education. Also, the correlation coefficient between the"attitude" and"preparedness" of the teachers for environmental education is 0.738, although the correlation is not complete, in this case, the coefficient of determination is 0.545, which indicates a reasonably good correlation. The main reasons for this level of attitude and readiness and the relation between these two parameters are environmental media disputes and social networks in recent years, which required primary education.  

توصیه به اتحاد و انسجام اسلامی که ریشه در آموزه های قرآن و سنّت معصومان(ع) دارد، از جمله موضوع هایی است که بررسی تاریخی آن در ادوار مختلف، از  اهمیت بسیاری برخوردار است. این نوشتار، با بهره گیری از منابع روایی و تاریخی، اقدامات امام صادق(ع) و اهتمام ویژه آن حضرت را برای برقراری وحدت و انسجام در جامعه بررسی کرده و کوشیده است به روش تاریخی، راهبردهای اجتماعی ایشان را برای همگرایی اسلامی با توجه به شرایط اجتماعی آن روزگار نشان دهد. شواهد تاریخی، حکایتگر آن است که عینیت بخشیدن به همسانی مسلمانان، تحکیم پیوندهای اجتماعی و اعتدال مذهبی، از مهم ترین راهبردهای اجتماعی آن حضرت بود که برای تحقق این راهبردها، راهکارهایی چون: حضور و همگامی در شعائر و مناسک دینی، برقراری پیوندهای اجتماعی و عاطفی نیکو با مسلمانان، مدارا با مخالفان، احترام به باورها و مقدسات پیروان مذاهب، عدم تحمیل عقیده و پرهیز از تعصبات و تکفیر دیگران را در پیش گرفتند