درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the role of gender moderators in the effectiveness of the Iranian positive youth development package (IPYD) on the components of social-emotional health. Method: For this purpose, in a quasi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test, and follow-up stage, 60 male and female adolescents aged 15-17 years studying in the academic year 2009-2010 were randomly selected in Isfahan. First, all members of the experimental and control groups completed the Zhou and Ee (2012) Emotional-Social Competency Questionnaire, and then the experimental groups were trained with a researcher-made package for 16 sessions of 45 minutes. In the meantime, the control group benefited from the daily training of the school. At the end of the sessions and 40 days later, all groups completed the questionnaire again. Result: Findings showed that the package of the positive development of Iranian adolescence in the short term has led to an increase in the dimensions of social and emotional health in self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, relationship management, and responsible decision-making in both genders, and in long term has caused an increase in all dimensions in girls (p<0.05). Conclusion: It seems that the Iranian adolescent positive development package is a suitable package to strengthen the components of positive development, achieve emotional-social health, and reduce problems and issues in different areas of developmental periods and the subsequent costs for adolescents, their families, and society. Keywords: Development, Emotional health, gender, Positive psychology, Social health.

Background: Following the pandemic of corona disease in Iran and around the world, the most important goal of health policies focused on compliance with prevention behaviors, and its evaluating. One of the most effective model based on social psychology is Health Belief Model that has been employed in many studies as different aspects of preventive behaviors. Objectives: The main purpose was study the relationship between compliance with preventive behaviors of corona disease with health belief model, and predicting the high level and low level of compliance with these behaviors based on health belief model variables. Methods: The present study was a descriptive-correlational study in terms of its method. The statistical population consisted of all adults aged +20 who lived in Tehran. 472 voluntary subjects were selected through online recall method. The instruments of the study included the compliance with preventive behaviors of corona scale (CPBC), and the corona health belief model inventory (CHBM). Both measures were developed and standardized by the researchers. Data were analyzed by using regression analysis. Results: The Means of CPBC in all participants was 3.38 ± 0.83, thereupon two groups were formed accordingly, as high group (4.18±0.17) and low group (1.92±0/28). The findings show that high level of compliance could be predict by severity, benefits; and barriers; and low level of compliance by age, benefits, and barriers. Conclusion: Since preventive behaviors were known as the best way to control of corona virus outbreak, there is a great value of identifying variables that might mitigate or exacerbate compliance could contribute greatly to the development of more effective health planning in Iranian society. Therefore, increase the benefits and reduce the barriers of prevention behaviors could be effective, and consequently, corona virus transmission could be decreased.

Objective: Although HIV-infected women in Iran face many problems, researches in this area are limited. This research aims to understand and deeply comprehend the issues and challenges of HIV-infected women. Method: Qualitative content analysis was used in this study and participants in the research of HIV-infected women were using three supportive health centers in Tehran. 17 participants were selected through purposive sampling method. The data collection technique is a semi-structured in-depth interview. Thematic data were coded and interpreted using thematic analysis. Results: 6 categories of interview analysis were: "social exclusion", "job problems", "social phobia caused by stigma", "mental problems", "treatment problems" and “coping mechanisms”. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that HIV-infected women face many challenges in the individual and social field for the social reunion and to reduce their problems, besides individual empowerment, structural and social interventions are also essential. The results of this study can be used in the field of policy-making, the presentation of supportive programs, social services for HIV-infected women and their families.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Barlow's transdiagnostic, emotion-focused and mindfulness therapy on moderating the eating behavior of adults with obesity. Method: The present research project was a quasi experimental pre test- post test, and follow up with a control group. The statistical population included all people with obesity in Tehran. Sixty people were randomly selected through available sampling methods and were assigned to four groups: (1) Barlow's transdiagnostic therapy, (2) emotion- focused therapy, (3) mindfulness-based therapy and (4) control group. Data were analyzed using the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) in three stages: pre test,- post test, and follow up, and were analyzed by mixed-design analysis of variance test. Results: The research findings showed that intragroup effects regarding emotional, environmental, and inhibited eating were significant (p <0.05). Regarding intergroup effects, a significant and stable effectiveness was found in the subscale of emotional and inhibited eating in emotion- focused therapy group and in the subscale of environmental eating in mindfulness-based therapy group (p <0.05). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be said that emotion- focused therapy, can help people to moderate emotional and inhibited eating through emotional experience and making sense of emotions, and mindfulness therapy can help people to moderate environmental eating by making them focus on the present moment and break repetitive patterns.