تحلیل مقایسه ای سرمایه اجتماعی در شبکه سازمان های خیریه
آرشیو
چکیده
سازمان های مردم نهاد به عنوان نهاد هایی خودجوش از بطن و متن جامعه تشکیل شده اند و عملکرد آنها یکی از فاکتور های مهم برای ارزیابی فرهنگ هر کشور به شمار می آید. هدف از تحقیق مدنظر، مقایسه سرمایه اجتماعی در شبکه سازمان های خیریه است. مطالعه موردی در این پژوهش را شبکه سازمان های خیریه همکار با بنیاد توسعه کارآفرینی زنان و جوانان در تهران، خانه هدی در زاهدان، بهار خرمشهر در خرمشهر و مؤسسه سپهر در قائن شامل می شود. پژوهش ازنظر هدف، کاربردی و ازنظر روش، توصیفی است. ابزار استفاده شده برای جمع آوری داده ها، پرسشنامه استاندارد تحت عنوان پرسشنامه انجمن سرمایه اجتماعی آمریکا است. این پرسشنامه چون بار ها در مطالعات متعدد از آن استفاده شده، روایی آن تأیید شده است. پس از گردآوری پرسش نامه ها، پایایی آن با نرم افزار SPSS محاسبه و با آلفای کرونباخ ۸۳۳/۰ تأیید شد. برای تجزیه وتحلیل داده ها از آمار توصیفی و استنباطی بهره گرفته شد. نتایج نشان دادند وضعیت سرمایه اجتماعی و ابعاد آن شامل ابعاد ساختاری، ارتباطی و شناختی، در این شبکه سازمان های خیریه تفاوت معناداری ندارد و اینکه بعد شناختی سرمایه اجتماعی به عنوان پیش نیاز روابط در شبکه بین سازمان های خیریه منظور شده است.Comparative Analysis of Social Capital in the Network of Charitable Organizations
Introduction Today, networks play a valuable role in the supply and sharing of achievements, ideas, and successful experiences as producers of social capital, which is mainly based on cultural and social factors. A case study in this research is the network of charitable organizations, including the Women and Youth Entrepreneurship Development Foundation and its partner organizations, which include Bahar Khorramshahr, Khaneh Hoda, and Sepehr Institute). The purpose of this research is to compare social capital and its dimensions (structural dimension, communication dimension, and cognitive dimension) as necessary infrastructures in establishing a relationship between the aforementioned organizations and the Entrepreneurship Development Foundation. Since NGOs need social capital to create social development as one of the factors to promote organizational communication, such research can lead to major improvements in this issue. The problem of this research is to measure the strength of the social capital between the Women and Youth Entrepreneurship Development Foundation and each of the organizations of Khaneh Hoda, Bahar Khorramshahr, and Qain Institute, and it should be noted whether there is a difference between the social capital status in the network between the above organizations and the Entrepreneurship Development Foundation to better advance the goals? For this purpose, some hypotheses are proposed in this research, which is to examine the difference in social capital and its dimensions in the network between partner organizations with the Entrepreneurship Development Foundation, and also to address the issue of which factors in this network need to be strengthened. Research methodology This research is applied from the objective point of view and descriptive from the method point of view. The data collection tool is the standard questionnaire of the American Social Capital Association. Since this questionnaire has been used in many types of research (Sarmed et al., 2010), (Maanipour, 2011), (Haghirizadeh and Salari, 2015), its content validity has been confirmed. Also, its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha method with the help of SPSS software with a value of 0.833; hence its use for this research was recognized as appropriate by the researchers. The questions of the questionnaire include specialized and general questions, and in the specialized questions part, a 5-point Likert scale was used to measure the dimensions of the questionnaire (cognitive dimension, relational dimension, and structural dimension), and in the general questions section, general and demographic information was collected regarding the respondents. The statistical population of the research includes managers and experts of partner organizations of the Entrepreneurship Development Foundation, which include: 5 people from Bahar Khorramshahr, 2 people from Sepehr Institute, and 9 people from Hoda House. To analyze the data, descriptive statistical methods were used to describe their dimensions and indicators using the mean and standard deviation, as well as inferential statistics to test the research hypotheses, as well as the Kruskal-Wallis test for the equality of the average social capital and its dimensions, and at the end, during the focus group meeting with managers and experts the results of the Hypotheses were discussed. Research findings The findings of the demographic profile of the respondents show that in terms of gender; Female, in terms of age; Age group 25-36, and in terms of education; Bachelor's degree the majority of the statistical population of the study. The table below shows the dimensions and indicators of social capital. Table 1. Dimensions and indicators of social capital Between the Entrepreneurship Development Foundation and Sepehr Institute, indicators of honesty, commitment to the organization's goals and shared values and goals; between the Entrepreneurship Development Foundation and Bahar Institute, indicators of honesty and having warm relations; between the Entrepreneurship Development Foundation and Khaneh Hoda Institute, indicators of being a member of the common family and having common values and goals; and finally, the index of common values and goals between the Entrepreneurship Development Foundation and partner organizations has a high average. According to the results of descriptive statistics, the level of desirability of social capital indicators between the Entrepreneurship Development Foundation and each of the organizations separately and in general is higher than the average. The results obtained from the inferential statistics show that the equality of the average variable and dimensions of social capital (relational, structural, and cognitive) between three organizations with the Women and Youth Entrepreneurship Development Foundation are accepted. Discussion and conclusion Due to the lack of a warm and sincere relationship and the lack of a facilitating communication structure, Sepehr Institute and the Foundation did not want to share experiences, and on the other hand, the high level of honesty and commitment towards the realization of the goals made the communication between the two organizations at a good level. Hoda House and Entrepreneurship Development Foundation have been able to consider themselves as members of a common family because Hoda House was once formed under the supervision of the foundation. On the other hand, not having a spirit of criticism can hinder this relationship to some extent. Bahar and Entrepreneurship Development Foundation have been able to establish warm and sincere relations. In general, partner organizations and the Entrepreneurship Development Foundation should have common values and goals more than establishing relationships with each other, and the lack of a spirit of criticism can prevent communication between organizations in the long term. The results of the inferential statistics indicate that a) the attitude towards social capital factors on the part of the development foundation has been fairly distributed among the three partner organizations. b) The organizations have been able to improve the quality of their relations with the foundation. c) The cooperation of organizations with the development foundation is based on the level of adherence to common values and goals. t) Each of the organizations with the foundation has been able to use simple and accessible inter-organizational relations for education and research. references Haghirizadeh, Umm Al Nabbing, Salary, Leila (2015). Investigating the relationship between social capital and employee productivity of the General Department of Tax Affairs of Hormozgan Province. Management and Accounting Research Monthly, No. 24. Maanipour, Hammed (1391). The relationship between social capital and the components of professional ethics of faculty members in Islamic Azad University units in Gilan province. Thesis for obtaining a master's degree. Sarmed, Zohra, Hijazi Elaha and Abbas Bazargan (1390). Research methods in behavioral sciences, Tehran: Ageh Publications.
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