چکیده

امروزه گردشگری به عنوان یکی از مه م ترین صنعت های اقتصادی در سرتاسر دنیا شناخته می شود که رشد و گسترش آن اثرات بسیار زیادی بر جامعه محلی می گذارد. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی اثرات اقتصادی، اجتماعی، کالبدی و زیرساختی گردشگری بر جامعه میزبان از نگاه مسئولان و مردم محلی در روستاهای شهرستان پلدختر انجام شده است. این پژوهش از لحاظ هدف کاربردی و از حیث ماهیت و روش انجام کار توصیفی- تحلیلی است که به دو روش مطالعه کتابخان ه ای و پیمایشی میدانی انجام شده است. جامعه آماری پژوهش را دو گروه مسئولین و مردم محلی تشکیل داده اند. در گروه اول تعداد 30 نفر از مسولین شهرستان و مسئولین روستاهای مورد مطالعه با استفاده از فرمول کوکران به عنوان حجم نمونه انتخاب گردید. همچنین در گروه مردم محلی براساس سرشماری سال 1395 جمعیت سه روستای افرینه، پران پرویز و ولیعصر برابر با 4084 نفر بوده است که با استفاده از فرمول کوکران تعداد 351 نفر به عنوان حجم نمونه به صورت تصادفی طبقه بندی شده انتخاب گردید. جهت تجزیه و تحلیل یافته های پژوهش از آزمون تی تک نمونه ای، آزمون دانکن و تحلیل مسیر استفاده شده است. نتایج آزمون تی تک نمونه ای نشان داد که مهم ترین اثر گردشگری از نگاه مسئولین  بر جامعه میزبان بر بعد اقتصادی با میانگین 544/3 است ولی از نظر مردم محلی بیشترین تأثیر بر بعد کالبدی با میانگین 224/3 است. نتایج تحلیل مسیر نشان داد که بعد اقتصادی با مقدار اثر کلی 734/0 بیشترین تأثیر را بر توسعه روستایی جامعه میزبان داشته است و بعد کالبدی با مقدار اثر کلی 321/0 کم ترین تأثیر را داشته است. همچنین نتایج آزمون میزان اثرگذاری گردشگری بر ابعاد مختلف در روستاهای مورد مطالعه متفاوت بوده است.

متن

The economic, social, physical and infrastructural effects of tourism on the host community from the point of view of officials and local people (a case study of Afarineh, Paran Parviz and Valiasr villages in Poldakhtar city)

Nowadays, tourism is known as one of the most important economic industries all over the world, and its growth and expansion has many effects on the local society. This research has been conducted with the aim of investigating the economic, social, physical and infrastructural effects of tourism on the host community from the point of view of officials and local people in the villages of Poldakhter city. This research is applied in terms of its purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of the nature and method of carrying out the work, which was carried out by two methods: library study and field survey. The statistical population of the research is made up of two groups of officials and local people. In the first group, ۳۰ people from the officials of the city and the officials of the studied villages were selected as the sample size by personal estimation. Also, in the group of local people, according to the census of ۲۰۱۵, the population of the three villages of Efrain, Paran Parviz and Waliasr was equal to ۴۰۸۴ people, using Cochran's formula, ۳۵۱ people were randomly selected as the sample size. In order to analyze the findings of the research, sample t-test, Duncan test and path analysis were used. The results of the sample T-Tech test showed that the most important effect of tourism on the host community from the point of view of the officials is on the economic dimension with an average of ۳.۵۴۴, but from the point of view of the local people, the greatest impact is on the physical dimension with an average of ۳.۲۲۴. The results of the path analysis showed that the economic dimension with an overall effect value of ۰.۷۳۴ had the greatest impact on the host community, and the physical dimension with an overall effect value of ۰.۳۲۱ had the least impact. Also, the results of the test of the impact of tourism on different dimensions in the studied villages have been different.The results of the path analysis showed that the economic dimension with an overall effect value of ۰.۷۳۴ had the greatest impact on the host community, and the physical dimension with an overall effect value of ۰.۳۲۱ had the least impact. Also, the results of the test of the impact of tourism on different dimensions in the studied villages have been different.Nowadays, tourism is known as one of the most important economic industries all over the world, and its growth and expansion has many effects on the local society. This research has been conducted with the aim of investigating the economic, social, physical and infrastructural effects of tourism on the host community from the point of view of officials and local people in the villages of Poldakhter city. This research is applied in terms of its purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of the nature and method of carrying out the work, which was carried out by two methods: library study and field survey.

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